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Italian design
Italian design refers to all forms of design in Italy, including interior design, urban design, fashion design and architectural design. Italy is recognized as being a worldwide trendsetter and leader in design: Italian architect Achille Castiglioni, Pier Giacomo Castiglioni and Luigi Caccia claims that ''"Quite simply, we are the best"'' and that ''"We have more imagination, more culture, and are better mediators between the past and the future"''.〔Insight Guides (2004) p.220〕 Italy today still exerts a vast influence on urban design, industrial design and fashion design worldwide and Italy's iconic design has emerged into the common phrase "Made in Italy".〔 Generally, the term "design" is associated with the age of the Industrial Revolution, which arrived in Italy during the pre-unification in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, in this context, was born on Italian design and development in various fields such as silks San Leucio and workshops Pietrarsa, shipyards of Castellammare di Stabia. The rest of Italy was characterized by fragmented political and geographical condition and the threshold of 1860 was farming and backward. After the Unification of Italy, despite the slow consolidation of the cotton industry and factories, you could not even talk about industrialization of the country prior to 1870-80. At the beginning of the twentieth century formed the first great Italian designers such as Vittorio Ducrot and Ernesto Basile.
==Interior design==
Italy is a world trendsetter, and has produced some of the greatest furniture designers in the world, such as Gio Ponti and Ettore Sottsass. Italian interior design in the 1900s was particularly well-known and grew to the heights of class and sophistication. At first, in the early 1900s, Italian furniture designers struggled to create an equal balance between classical elegance and modern creativity, and at first, Italian interior design in the 1910s and 1920s was very similar to that of French art deco styles, using exotic materials and creating sumptuous furniture. However, Italian art deco reached its pinnacle under Gio Ponti, who made his designs sophisticated, elegant, stylish and raffined, but also modern, exotic and creative. In 1926, a new style of furnishing emerged in Italy, known as ''"Razionalismo"'', or ''"Rationalism"''. The most successful and famous of the Rationalists were the Gruppo 7, led by Luigi Figini, Gino Pollini and Giuseppe Terragni. There styles used tubular steel and was known as being more plain and simple, and almost Fascist in style after c. 1934. After World War II, however, was the period in which Italy had a true ''avant-garde'' in interior design. With the fall of Fascism, rise of Socialism and the 1946 RIMA exhibition, Italian talents in interior decorating were made evident, and with the Italian economic miracle, Italy saw a growth in industrial production and also mass-made furniture. Yet, the 1960s and 1970s saw Italian interior design reach its pinnacle of stylishness, and by that point, with Pop and post-modern interiors, the phrases ''"Bel Design"'' and ''"Linea Italiana"'' entered the vocabulary of furniture design.〔Miller (2005) p.486〕 Ever since the late 1970s and early 1980s, some equipment began to be logoed by notable Italian fashion houses, such as Prada, Versace, Armani, Gucci and Moschino.〔 Examples of classic pieces of Italian furniture include Zanussi's rigorous, creative and streamlined washing machines and fridges,〔 the "New Tone" sofas by Atrium,〔 and most famously the innovative post-modern bookcase, made by Ettore Sottsass for the Memphis Group in 1981, inspired by Bob Dylan's song "Stuck Inside of Mobile with the Memphis Blues Again". The bookcase became huge a cultural icon and design event of the 1980s.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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